WRAP(8) WRAP(8) NAME wrap, create, info, inst, wdiff - software package preparation SYNOPSIS wrap/create [ -luv ] [ -d desc ] [ -p proto ] [ -r root ] [ -t time ] name [ prefix... ] wrap/inst [ -ovxF ] [ -r root ] file [ prefix... ] wrap/info [ -r root ] file wrap/wdiff [ -blp ] [ -r root ] file [ prefix... ] DESCRIPTION These programs are used to manage software packages. Packages are identified by a unique name, and should corre- spond to some reference tree. For example, the base Plan 9 installation package is named plan9 and corresponds to the root of the Plan 9 distribution file server at Bell Labs. Successive versions are distinguished by a date stored as seconds since January 1, 1970. A base package contains all files in the reference tree at some time. Wrap/create creates these by default. An update is a package listing only files modified relative to some earlier tree. The time of the prerequisite tree is included in the update. The target tree's time is the time of the base package or the time of the last installed update. The update cannot be installed unless the target tree is dated at or after the prerequisite time. Wrap/create -u creates updates when no prefix is given. A partial update is like an update but usually only contains a few subtrees. For example, one might create a partial update of the Plan 9 distribution package containing only changes to acme. Installing a partial update does not change the target tree's time. Wrap/create -u creates partial updates when one or more prefixes are given. Wrap/inst installs base packages, updates, and partial updates, taking into account version conflicts, prerequi- sites, and the possibility of local modifications. Wrap/info prints information about a package or update, and wrap/wdiff runs diff to compare files in a package archive with installed files. Wdiff -l merely lists those files modified or removed since the package or update was created, and can be used on an installed tree instead of a package Page 1 Plan 9 (printed 5/21/24) WRAP(8) WRAP(8) file. When used with an installed tree, only files modified or removed since the most recent updates are listed; wdiff -p shows changes since the last full package. To decide whether a given update contains files fresher than those currently installed on the system, it is not enough to compare the update's date with the date of the most recent update to the same package: updates may only involve parts of a package, so updates can only be partially ordered. As an example, if you have a full Plan 9 distribution package and two updates, one to acme and one to aux/vga, it is not correct to require one to be installed before the other, or to prohibit one from being installed once the other has been. To handle such cases, date comparisons must made on a per-file basis rather than a per-update basis. To do this, create includes in each package and update a list /wrap/name/time/md5sum of the contained files along with their MD5 checksums. A file in an update will be writ- ten over an installed file only if the installed file is from an update older than the one currently under considera- tion; otherwise a warning will be printed. If the currently installed file does not have the expected checksum, that usually indicates the presence of local modifications. In such cases, the file is not overwritten and a warning is printed. This behavior can be overriden, as described below. Create writes to standard output a package with name name and time stamp time (by default, the current time), contain- ing the files named by proto (see proto(2)). In addition to the named files, a package may contain a one-line file describing its contents; the file contains desc, when speci- fied. If no proto is specified, /sys/lib/sysconfig/proto/allproto is used. If create is given the -u flag, it compares the files con- tained in the named package (which may be a file or the name of a package installed in the root; see below) with those currently in the file system, and writes an update archive that only contains modified files. If no proto is given, it uses the proto used to make the archive being updated. If any prefix es are specified, the update is restricted to just those changes that concern files having names with any of the prefix es as a prefix. Without the -u flag, prefixes are not allowed. If create is given the -u flag it creates an update package. If prefixes are specified, create cre- ates a partial update. The -l flag to create causes it to write a list of the files it would have included in an archive, rather than preparing the archive itself. Page 2 Plan 9 (printed 5/21/24) WRAP(8) WRAP(8) Inst unpacks a package or update created by create. It extracts from the package or update the files with names starting with prefixes (default all files) and installs them in the tree rooted at root (default /). Inst attempts to set the modes on the extracted files to those in the archive. If the -o flag is given, install will attempt to set the owner and group as well; this is only possible if the allow command has been typed at the file server (see fs(8) or kfscmd(8)). The -x flag causes inst to print what actions it would do to install the package, but not actually perform them. As described above, inst performs a number of checks to avoid overwriting new files with old ones; these checks are disabled by the -F flag. EXAMPLES Create a package consisting of the entire Plan 9 distribu- tion tree: wrap/create -r /plan9dist -d 'Plan 9 — Third Edition' \ -p plan9proto plan9 | gzip > plan9.9gz Create a base package as well as a full update. Note that we need to use the -t flag to make sure both have the same timestamp. now=`{date -n} wrap/create -r /plan9dist -d 'Plan 9 — Third Edition' \ -p plan9proto -t $now plan9 | gzip > plan9.9gz wrap/create -ur /plan9dist -t $now oldplan9.9gz | gzip > update.9gz Create a partial update containing new VGA software: wrap/create -ur /plan9dist plan9.9gz `{cat /tmp/vgafiles} | gzip >vga.9gz where /tmp/vgafiles is a text file containing: /386/bin/aux/vga /lib/vgadb /sys/src/cmd/aux/vga /sys/src/9/pc/devvga.c /sys/src/9/pc/vga Note that since the strings are just prefixes, the last line will match files such as /sys/src/9/pc/vgamach64xx.c and /sys/src/9/pc/vga.h. Install the VGA update on a kfs(4) file system. disk/kfscmd allow Page 3 Plan 9 (printed 5/21/24) WRAP(8) WRAP(8) mount /srv/kfs /n/kfs wrap/inst -or /n/kfs vga.9gz disk/kfscmd disallow Suppose that the update contains a new /386/bin/aux/vga and /lib/vgadb but those files have been changed since they were installed. Install will produce the following messages: skipping /386/bin/aux/vga skipping /lib/vgadb: locally updated wrap/wdiff vga.9gz \ /386/bin/aux/vga \ /lib/vgadb The printed command can be executed to inspect the differ- ences and decide which files to overwrite with ones from the package; to actually overwrite the files, change wdiff to inst -F and send the command again. Wrap an installed package quux for redistribution as a stan- dalone package: wrap/create -d 'Repackaged quux' -r /root \ -p /root/wrap/quux/time/proto quux | gzip > newquux.9gz To view and then package just your changes: wrap/wdiff -lr /root quux wrap/wdiff -r /root quux.9gz wrap/create -u -r /root quux >quuxpatch.9gz Note that wrap/wdiff -l does not require the original archive: it can use checksums to determine which files have changed. By default (without -l) an archive is required for access to the original files. FILES Installed package information is maintained via a small tree rooted at dst/wrap. For each package and update, there is a directory name/time that contains the following files: desc The description for the package, if any. md5sum A sorted list of all files in the package, along with their MD5 checksums. package An empty file, if this is a package. proto The proto file used to create this package. Page 4 Plan 9 (printed 5/21/24) WRAP(8) WRAP(8) remove For an update, the list of obsolete files that should be removed. update If this is an update, contains the decimal date of the package being updated. done The installation of the package completed successfully. Update packages contain both package and update files. A package is itself an (optionally gzipped) mkfs-style archive that contains /wrap/name and /wrap/name/time as the only directories under /wrap. The entries must be the first ones in the archive to allow for quick access in compressed archives. SOURCE /sys/src/cmd/wrap SEE ALSO diff(1), md5sum (in sum(1)), tar(1), proto(2), archfs(4), mkfs(8) BUGS Because inst sets the modes on the created files, permission checking must be turned off on the file server in order to create files in unwritable directories or to overwrite updated files that are not normally writable. In the absence of the -l flag (which can use the MD5 check- sums alone) wrap/wdiff must uncompress the entire archive to pass it to archfs(4). Page 5 Plan 9 (printed 5/21/24)